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Dendrobium crumenatum Sw.
| Family Name: | Orchidaceae |
| Synonyms: | Mokara crumenatum, Epidendrum caninum, Aporum crumenatum, Mokara crumenata, Dendrobium kwashotense |
| Common Name: | Pigeon Orchid, White Dove Orchid, Pigeon Flower, Sparrow Orchid, Bag-shaped Dendrobium, Anggerek Merpati, Daun Sepulih Tulang, 鸽子兰, 木石斛, 鸽子斛 |
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Name
Classifications and Characteristics
| Plant Division | Angiosperms (Flowering Seed Plants) (Monocotyledon) |
|---|---|
| Plant Growth Form | Herbaceous Plant, Epiphyte |
| Lifespan (in Singapore) | Perennial |
| Mode of Nutrition | Autotrophic |
| Plant Shape | Shrubby |
Biogeography
| Native Distribution | India, Sri Lanka, South China, Taiwan, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Philippines, Lesser Sunda Islands, New Guinea, Australia (Christmas Islands). |
|---|---|
| Native Habitat | Terrestrial (Primary Rainforest) |
| Preferred Climate Zone | Tropical, Sub-Tropical / Monsoonal |
| Local Conservation Status | Native to Singapore (Least Concern (LC)) |
| CITES Protection | True (Appendix II) |
Description and Ethnobotany
| Growth Form | A sympodial, epiphytic, lowland orchid. |
|---|---|
| Foliage | The leaves are coriaceous, deciduous and lanceolate to elliptical in shape while being slightly notched at the leaf apex. |
| Stems | The multiple stems can grow up to 30 cm in length which are basally enlarged, end off at slender tips and are covered with scarious sheaths 2 to 3 cm long. The stems have a pendulous growth habit. |
| Flowers | The white flowers are fragrant with a yellow tinted throat and have a short lifespan, the flowers last less than a day. |
| Habitat | It is found in semi-deciduous and deciduous dry lowland forests and savannah-like woodlands at an altitude of 500 metres. |
| Etymology | The flower buds look somewhat like little pigeons hence its common name 'Pigeon Orchid'. The species name is derived from the latin word 'crumenatus' meaning 'bag-shaped'. |
| Ethnobotanical Uses | Food (Herb or Spice) |
Landscaping Features
| Desirable Plant Features | Ornamental Flowers, Fragrant (Flowers) (Day) |
|---|---|
| Landscape Uses | Coastal Plant, Vertical Greenery / Green Wall |
| Thematic Landscaping | Fragrant / Aromatherapy Garden, Naturalistic Garden |
Fauna, Pollination and Dispersal
| Pollination Method(s) | Abiotic (Wind) |
|---|---|
| Seed or Spore Dispersal | Abiotic (Explosive Dehiscence) |
Plant Care and Propagation
| Light Preference | Semi-Shade, Full Sun |
|---|---|
| Water Preference | Little Water |
| Plant Growth Rate | Fast |
| Rootzone Tolerance | Shallow Media, Drought Tolerant |
| Maintenance Requirements | Moderate |
| Propagation Method | Seed, Division, Tissue Culture |
Foliar
| Foliage Retention | Evergreen |
|---|---|
| Mature Foliage Colour(s) | Green |
| Mature Foliage Texture(s) | Smooth, Leathery, Thick |
| Foliar Type | Simple / Unifoliate |
| Foliar Venation | Parallel |
| Foliar Margin | Entire |
Non - Foliar and Storage
| Stem Type & Modification | Acaulescent |
|---|---|
| Root Type | Underground (Fibrous Root), Aboveground (Aerial Root) |
| Specialised Storage Organ(s) | Underground (Rhizome), Aboveground |
Floral (Angiosperm)
| Flower & Plant Sexuality | Unisexual Flowers , Dioecious |
| Flower Colour(s) | White |
|---|
| Flower Symmetry | Bilateral |
| Flowering Opening Time | Daytime |
| Flower Lifespan on Plant | 1 Day |
| Flowering Habit | Polycarpic |
Fruit, Seed and Spore
| Mature Fruit Colour(s) | Black, Brown |
|---|---|
| Fruit Classification | Simple Fruit |
| Fruit Type | Dehiscent Dry Fruit , Capsule |
Image Repository
Others
| Master ID | 629 |
|---|---|
| Species ID | 1924 |
| Flora Disclaimer | The information in this website has been compiled from reliable sources, such as reference works on medicinal plants. It is not a substitute for medical advice or treatment and NParks does not purport to provide any medical advice. Readers should always consult his/her physician before using or consuming a plant for medicinal purposes. |
