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Eulophia graminea Lindl.
| Family Name: | Orchidaceae |
| Synonyms: | Eulophia ramosa, Eulophia sinensis, Eulophia gusukumai |
| Common Name: | Grass Orchid, Bawang Hantu, 禾草芋蘭, 美冠兰 |
Name
Classifications and Characteristics
| Plant Division | Angiosperms (Flowering Seed Plants) (Monocotyledon) |
|---|---|
| Plant Growth Form | Herbaceous Plant |
| Lifespan (in Singapore) | Perennial |
| Mode of Nutrition | Autotrophic |
| Plant Shape | Shrubby |
| Maximum Height | 0.5 m |
Biogeography
| Native Distribution | Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Himalayas, China, Taiwan, Nansei-shoto, Hongkong, Taiwan, Japan, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Philippines, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Borneo, Java, Sumatra. |
|---|---|
| Native Habitat | Terrestrial (Secondary Rainforest, Coastal Forest, Grassland / Savannah/ Scrubland, Disturbed Area / Open Ground), Shoreline (Sandy Beach) |
| Preferred Climate Zone | Tropical |
| Local Conservation Status | Cryptogenic |
| CITES Protection | True (Appendix II) |
Description and Ethnobotany
| Growth Form | Terrestrial orchid. |
|---|---|
| Roots | A thick mass of white roots emerge from the base of a round bulb (5 - 7 cm wide). |
| Foliage | Light green, thin leaves are linear and narrow. The leaves are deeply grooved at the midvein. Leaves have a large leaf sheath that wraps around the stem. |
| Flowers | Small, greenish yellow flowers have brown, net-like markings. The crested lip is white with a dark purplish red center. The inflorescence stalk bears 10 - 20 flowers. |
| Etymology | The genus Eulophia comes from the Greek eu-lopos, meaning beautifully crested and referring to the crested lip. |
Landscaping Features
| Desirable Plant Features | Ornamental Flowers |
|---|---|
| Landscape Uses | General, Coastal, Riverine |
| Thematic Landscaping | Naturalistic Garden |
Fauna, Pollination and Dispersal
| Seed or Spore Dispersal | Abiotic (Explosive Dehiscence) |
|---|
Plant Care and Propagation
| Light Preference | Full Sun |
|---|---|
| Water Preference | Moderate Water |
| Rootzone Tolerance | Fertile Loamy Soils, Well-Drained Soils, Poor Infertile Soils, Saline Soils / Salt Spray |
| Maintenance Requirements | Moderate |
| Propagation Method | Seed, Division |
Foliar
| Foliage Retention | Deciduous |
|---|---|
| Mature Foliage Colour(s) | Green |
| Mature Foliage Texture(s) | Smooth |
| Foliar Type | Simple / Unifoliate |
| Foliar Venation | Parallel |
| Foliar Margin | Entire |
| Leaf Area Index (LAI) for Green Plot Ratio | 3.5 (Shrub & Groundcover - Monocot) |
Non - Foliar and Storage
| Stem Type & Modification | Acaulescent |
|---|---|
| Root Type | Underground (Fibrous Root) |
| Specialised Storage Organ(s) | Aboveground |
Floral (Angiosperm)
| Flower & Plant Sexuality | Bisexual Flowers |
| Flower Colour(s) | Brown, Green, Pink, Red, White |
|---|---|
| Inflorescence Type | Raceme |
| Flowering Habit | Polycarpic |
Fruit, Seed and Spore
| Mature Fruit Colour(s) | Brown, Green |
|---|---|
| Fruit Classification | Simple Fruit |
| Fruit Type | Dehiscent Dry Fruit , Capsule |
Image Repository
Others
| Master ID | 702 |
|---|---|
| Species ID | 1997 |
| Flora Disclaimer | The information in this website has been compiled from reliable sources, such as reference works on medicinal plants. It is not a substitute for medical advice or treatment and NParks does not purport to provide any medical advice. Readers should always consult his/her physician before using or consuming a plant for medicinal purposes. |
