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Benstonea affinis (Kurz) Callm. & Buerki
Family Name: | Pandanaceae |
Synonyms: | Pandanus aurantiacus Ridl., Pandanus cyperaceus St. John, Pandanus foetidus Solms, Pandanus glaucus St. John, Pandanus korthalsii Martelli, Pandanus affinis |
Common Name: | Mengkuang Bunga, Mengkuang Perah, Pandan Ikan |
Name
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Classifications and Characteristics
Plant Division | Angiosperms (Flowering Seed Plants) (Monocotyledon) |
Plant Growth Form | Tree (Shrubby (1m-5m)), Shrub |
Lifespan (in Singapore) | Perennial |
Mode of Nutrition | Autotrophic |
Maximum Height | 5 m |
Biogeography
Native Distribution | Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, and Indonesia |
Native Habitat | Terrestrial (Primary Rainforest, Freshwater Swamp Forest, Riverine), Shoreline (Mangrove Forest) |
Preferred Climate Zone | Tropical |
Local Conservation Status | Native to Singapore (Critically Endangered (CR)) |
Description and Ethnobotany
Growth Form | It is an erect, branching shrub or small tree up to 5 m tall, with slender stems and prop roots. |
Foliage | Its spirally arranged leaves have leaf blades that are elongated-lance-shaped, 1 m long, 3–4 cm wide, and with spines along the edges and the upper surface. |
Flowers | The species is dioecious, producing either male or female flowers on different individuals. Its flowers are small, have no petals, and are found in numerous-flowered clusters. The female flowers are bright orange-red and found in clusters that are 6.4 by 2.5 cm. |
Fruits | The fruit is fleshy with a stony core, orange-red, oblong-pyramidal, 2–2.3 cm long, and can be found in numerous-fruited heads. The fruit-heads are oblong-round and are in turn found in 3–9 fruited clusters. |
Associated Fauna | Its flowers are insect-pollinated. |
Cultivation | It can be propagated by seed or by division of young plants from the parent plant. |
Etymology | The genus Benstonea is named in honour of Benjamin Clemens Stone (1933 - 1994) who was the leading authority on Pandanaceae family for several decades. |
Ethnobotanical Uses | [Others]: It has medicinal properties, and is used by locals as fish bait. |
Landscaping Features
Landscaping | It is suitable for parks, especially in waterlogged soils or at the edges of ponds or waterbodies. |
Desirable Plant Features | Ornamental Flowers, Ornamental Foliage, Ornamental Fruits, Ornamental Form |
Plant & Rootzone Preference - Tolerance | Waterlogged Soils (Drains Site, Does not Drain Site) |
Landscape Uses | Parks & Gardens, Riverine, Pond / Lake / River, Marsh / Bog |
Usage Hazard - Cons | Spines/Thorns - Stem/Branch, Spines/Thorns - Leaf |
Fauna, Pollination and Dispersal
Pollination Method(s) | Biotic (Fauna) |
Seed or Spore Dispersal | Biotic (Fauna), Abiotic |
Plant Care and Propagation
Light Preference | Full Sun, Semi-Shade |
Water Preference | Lots of Water |
Propagation Method | Seed, Division |
Foliar
Foliage Retention | Evergreen |
Mature Foliage Colour(s) | Green |
Mature Foliage Texture(s) | Smooth |
Foliar Type | Simple / Unifoliate |
Foliar Arrangement Along Stem | Rosulate / Rosette |
Foliar Attachment to Stem | Sessile |
Foliar Shape(s) | Non-Palm Foliage (Lanceolate, Linear) |
Foliar Venation | Parallel |
Foliar Margin | Serrate / Toothed |
Floral (Angiosperm)
Flower & Plant Sexuality 1 | Unisexual Flowers |
Flower & Plant Sexuality 2 | Dioecious |
Flower Colour(s) | Orange, Red |
Flower Grouping | Cluster / Inflorescence |
Flower Location | Axillary |
Fruit, Seed and Spore
Mature Fruit Colour(s) - Angiosperms and Gymnosperms | Orange, Red |
Fruit Classification | Simple Fruit |
Fruit Type 1 | Fleshy Fruit |
Fruit Type 2 | Non-Accessory Fruit |
Image Repository
Images |
Others
Master ID | 32046 |
Species ID | 6451 |
Flora Disclaimer | The information in this website has been compiled from reliable sources, such as reference works on medicinal plants. It is not a substitute for medical advice or treatment and NParks does not purport to provide any medical advice. Readers should always consult his/her physician before using or consuming a plant for medicinal purposes. |