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Hopea ferruginea Parijs
Family Name: | Dipterocarpaceae |
Synonyms: | Hopea intermedia (non King) Foxw., Hopea micrantha (non Hook.f.) Dyer, Hopea myrtifolia (non Miq.) Heyne, Hopea pierrei (non Hance) Foxw. |
Common Name: | Banjutan, Betotas, Bunyit, Damar mata kuching, Damar putih, Luis, Merawan putih, anakan, Selangan, Selangan batu, Selangan penak |
Name
Classifications and Characteristics
Plant Division | Angiosperms (Flowering Seed Plants) |
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Plant Growth Form | Tree (Big (>30m)) |
Lifespan (in Singapore) | Perennial |
Mode of Nutrition | Autotrophic |
Plant Shape | Broad / Mushroom / Hemispherical |
Maximum Height | 41 m |
Tree or Palm – Trunk Diameter | 59 cm |
Biogeography
Native Distribution | From Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore to Sumatra, east to Borneo and the Philippines |
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Native Habitat | Terrestrial (Primary Rainforest) |
Preferred Climate Zone | Tropical |
Local Conservation Status | Native to Singapore (Critically Endangered (CR)) |
Description and Ethnobotany
Growth Form | Tall tree, up to 41 m tall and 59 cm diameter at breast height. |
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Trunk | Trunk with resin when cut. |
Foliage | Leaves are simple, arranged in an alternate fashion. The secondary veins are inconspicuous, close to each other and occasionally possess domatia. |
Flowers | The yellow flowers are about 4 mm wide, borne on short inflorescences. |
Fruit | The fruit is about 7 mm long with two wings that are about 30 mm long. |
Habitat | In dipterocarp forests, hillsides and ridges, from sea level up to 1500 m. |
Etymology | The genus Hopea was named in honour of Dr John Hope (1725-1786) who was a Scottish botanist at the Edinburgh Botanic Garden. The sepcific epithet ferruginea means 'rusty brown' in Latin. |
Landscaping Features
Landscaping | This tree is suitable for planting in parks and large gardens. |
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Desirable Plant Features | Ornamental Foliage |
Landscape Uses | General, Parks & Gardens |
Fauna, Pollination and Dispersal
Pollination Method(s) | Biotic (Fauna) |
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Seed or Spore Dispersal | Abiotic |
Plant Care and Propagation
Light Preference | Full Sun, Semi-Shade |
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Water Preference | Moderate Water |
Plant Growth Rate | Moderate |
Rootzone Tolerance | Moist Soils |
Propagation Method | Seed |
Foliar
Foliage Retention | Evergreen |
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Mature Foliage Colour(s) | Green |
Mature Foliage Texture(s) | Leathery |
Prominent Young Flush Colour(s) | Red |
Young Flush Texture(s) | Leathery |
Foliar Type | Simple / Unifoliate |
Foliar Arrangement Along Stem | Alternate |
Foliar Attachment to Stem | Petiolate |
Foliar Shape(s) | Non-Palm Foliage (Elliptical) |
Foliar Venation | Pinnate / Net |
Foliar Margin | Entire |
Foliar Apex - Tip | Acuminate |
Foliar Base | Oblique / Asymmetrical |
Non - Foliar and Storage
Branch Angle (wrt vertical) | Acute |
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Trunk Type (Non Palm) | Woody |
Root Type | Underground (Tap Root) |
Floral (Angiosperm)
Flower Colour(s) | Yellow / Golden |
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Flower Grouping | Cluster / Inflorescence |
Flower Symmetry | Radial |
Inflorescence Type | Panicle |
Flowering Period | Every Few Years |
Flower Size | 4 mm |
Fruit, Seed and Spore
Fruit Classification | Simple Fruit |
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Fruit Type | Indehiscent Dry Fruit , Nut / Nutlet |
Seed Quantity Per Fruit | Few (1-5) |
References
References | Khoo, M.S., Chua, S.C. and Lum, S.K.Y. 2018. An annotated list of new records for Singapore: results from large-scale tree surveys at the Bukit Timah Nature Reserve. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 70 (1): 57–65. |
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Image Repository
Others
Master ID | 31165 |
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Species ID | 5559 |
Flora Disclaimer | The information in this website has been compiled from reliable sources, such as reference works on medicinal plants. It is not a substitute for medical advice or treatment and NParks does not purport to provide any medical advice. Readers should always consult his/her physician before using or consuming a plant for medicinal purposes. |