
Year of Publication: 2000, Vol. 52 (02)
Date Published
29 December 2000
Boyce, P.C.
The genus Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae) in the Philippines [Page 213 - 256]
The genus Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae) in the Philippines [Page 213 - 256]
Abstract:
An alpha-taxanomic account of Rhaphodophora Hassk. in the Philippine Islands is presented as a precursor to the forthcoming Flora Malesiana Araceae treatment. Eleven species are recognised, of which Rhaphidophora cretosa is newly described and R banosensis is proposed as a nomen novum for R. stenophylla Elmer non K. Krause. R. bulusanensis is reduced to the synonymy of R. monticola, R.rigida is merged with R. philippinensis and R. lagunensis is synonymised with R. acuminata. A dichotomous key to species is provided. All species are illustrated.
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An alpha-taxanomic account of Rhaphodophora Hassk. in the Philippine Islands is presented as a precursor to the forthcoming Flora Malesiana Araceae treatment. Eleven species are recognised, of which Rhaphidophora cretosa is newly described and R banosensis is proposed as a nomen novum for R. stenophylla Elmer non K. Krause. R. bulusanensis is reduced to the synonymy of R. monticola, R.rigida is merged with R. philippinensis and R. lagunensis is synonymised with R. acuminata. A dichotomous key to species is provided. All species are illustrated.
Zhu, H.
A new species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae) from Peninsular Malaysia [Page 257 - 259]
A new species of Lasianthus (Rubiaceae) from Peninsular Malaysia [Page 257 - 259]
Abstract:
A new species of Lasianthus Jack (Rubiaceae) from Peninsular Malaysia, named as Lasianthus malaiense H. Zhu, is described.
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A new species of Lasianthus Jack (Rubiaceae) from Peninsular Malaysia, named as Lasianthus malaiense H. Zhu, is described.
Salma, I.
The significance of pollen morphology in the taxonomy of the genus Durio (Bombacaceae). [Page 261 - 271]
The significance of pollen morphology in the taxonomy of the genus Durio (Bombacaceae). [Page 261 - 271]
Abstract:
The pollen grains of 20 Durio species and 5 clones of D. zibethinus were studied. Based on the exine sculpture of the pollen, the Durio species can be divided into three major groups, i.e. psilate, scabrate and verrucate. However, variation in the exine sculpture is also exhibited in D. zibethiniis, D. malaceensis and D. singaporensis. In addition, pollen size and wall thickness provide useful taxonomic evidence in distinguishing certain species. Pollen characters, however, could be used as supplementary characters in the identification of Durio species.
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The pollen grains of 20 Durio species and 5 clones of D. zibethinus were studied. Based on the exine sculpture of the pollen, the Durio species can be divided into three major groups, i.e. psilate, scabrate and verrucate. However, variation in the exine sculpture is also exhibited in D. zibethiniis, D. malaceensis and D. singaporensis. In addition, pollen size and wall thickness provide useful taxonomic evidence in distinguishing certain species. Pollen characters, however, could be used as supplementary characters in the identification of Durio species.
Vermeulen, J.J.
Carr's spirit collection of Kinabalu orchids recovered, with some notes on Bulhophyllum species present in this collection [Page 273 - 284]
Carr's spirit collection of Kinabalu orchids recovered, with some notes on Bulhophyllum species present in this collection [Page 273 - 284]
Abstract:
In 1933. C.E. Carr assembled a large collection of orchids from Gunung Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. The herbarium specimens were duly processed and distributed, but the matching alcohol samples remained inaccessible until recently. Now, these samples have also been processed and are available for examination in the Singapore Botanic Gardens Herbarium. The material of the genus Bulbophyllum was studied; it yielded three new species and two new records for the Kinabalu area. These are described and annotated.
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In 1933. C.E. Carr assembled a large collection of orchids from Gunung Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. The herbarium specimens were duly processed and distributed, but the matching alcohol samples remained inaccessible until recently. Now, these samples have also been processed and are available for examination in the Singapore Botanic Gardens Herbarium. The material of the genus Bulbophyllum was studied; it yielded three new species and two new records for the Kinabalu area. These are described and annotated.
O'Byrne, P. and J.J. Vermeulen
Notheria diaphana gen. nov., sp. nov. (Orchidaceae), a gem from Sulawesi. [Page 285 - 288]
Notheria diaphana gen. nov., sp. nov. (Orchidaceae), a gem from Sulawesi. [Page 285 - 288]
Abstract:
Notheria, gen. nov. (Orchidaceae. Eriinae), is described, with N. diaphana, sp. nov., as type species. On account of similarity, it is assumed to be closely related to both Eria Lindl., and Ceratostylis Blume; however Notheria differs from both in having a footless column and a lip with a distinct spur. The genus is endemic to Sulawesi (Indonesia).
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Notheria, gen. nov. (Orchidaceae. Eriinae), is described, with N. diaphana, sp. nov., as type species. On account of similarity, it is assumed to be closely related to both Eria Lindl., and Ceratostylis Blume; however Notheria differs from both in having a footless column and a lip with a distinct spur. The genus is endemic to Sulawesi (Indonesia).
Vermeulen, J.J. and L.G. Saw
Bulbophyllum sect. Hirtula (Orchidaceae): a new species and a new record for Peninsular Malaysia [Page 289 - 292]
Bulbophyllum sect. Hirtula (Orchidaceae): a new species and a new record for Peninsular Malaysia [Page 289 - 292]
Abstract:
Bulbophyllum setuliferum sp. nov. (sect. Hirtula) from Peninsular Malaysia is described. Bulbophyllum atratum J.J, Smith, of the same section, until now known only from Sumatra, is a new record for Peninsular Malaysia.
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Bulbophyllum setuliferum sp. nov. (sect. Hirtula) from Peninsular Malaysia is described. Bulbophyllum atratum J.J, Smith, of the same section, until now known only from Sumatra, is a new record for Peninsular Malaysia.
R. Kiew
The Plants of the Singapore Botanic Gardens: an Annotated Check-list [Page 297 - 298]
The Plants of the Singapore Botanic Gardens: an Annotated Check-list [Page 297 - 298]
Book Review
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Year of Publication: 2000, Vol. 52 (01)
Date Published
31 August 2000
Mabberley, D.J.
A tropical botanist finally vindicated [Page 1 - 4]
A tropical botanist finally vindicated [Page 1 - 4]
Abstract:
Proof of the existence of the note of authority from Governor. Sir Shenton Thomas, to the Japanese, commending E.J.H. Corner to help conserve the Singapore Museum and Botanic Gardens has come to light.
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Proof of the existence of the note of authority from Governor. Sir Shenton Thomas, to the Japanese, commending E.J.H. Corner to help conserve the Singapore Museum and Botanic Gardens has come to light.
Adema, F.
Notes on Malesian Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae). 6. The rare genus Burkilliodendron [Page 5 - 10]
Notes on Malesian Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae). 6. The rare genus Burkilliodendron [Page 5 - 10]
Abstract:
Comprehensive descriptions of the rare Malaysian genus Burkilliodendron Sastry and its single species B. album (Ridl.) Sastry are outlined and its relationship to Fordia discussed.
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Comprehensive descriptions of the rare Malaysian genus Burkilliodendron Sastry and its single species B. album (Ridl.) Sastry are outlined and its relationship to Fordia discussed.
Slik, J.W.F., Priyono and P.C. van Welzen
Key to the Macaranga Thou, and Mallotus Lour, species (Euphorbiaceace) of East Kalimantan, Indonesia [Page 11 - 88]
Key to the Macaranga Thou, and Mallotus Lour, species (Euphorbiaceace) of East Kalimantan, Indonesia [Page 11 - 88]
Abstract:
A key to all Macaranga (27 taxa) and Mallotus (19 taxa) species known to occur in East Kalimantan (Indonesia) is provided in this paper. The key is mainly based on vegetative characters proven useful in the field. Some reproductive characters are included if identification is otherwise impossible. The taxa are described briefly by their diagnostic characters. Drawings are provided for most of the treated species.
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A key to all Macaranga (27 taxa) and Mallotus (19 taxa) species known to occur in East Kalimantan (Indonesia) is provided in this paper. The key is mainly based on vegetative characters proven useful in the field. Some reproductive characters are included if identification is otherwise impossible. The taxa are described briefly by their diagnostic characters. Drawings are provided for most of the treated species.
Boyce, P.C, and J. Bogner
An account of neotenic species of Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae) in New Guinea and Australia [Page 89 - 100]
An account of neotenic species of Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae) in New Guinea and Australia [Page 89 - 100]
Abstract:
An account of the neotenic Rhaphidophora Hassk. species in New Guinea and Australia is presented as a precursor to the Flora Malesiana and Flora of Australia accounts. Three species, two (R.hayi, and R. okapensis) new to science, are described, together with a brief discussion of neoteny in monsteroid aroids. A key is provided. All species are illustrated.
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An account of the neotenic Rhaphidophora Hassk. species in New Guinea and Australia is presented as a precursor to the Flora Malesiana and Flora of Australia accounts. Three species, two (R.hayi, and R. okapensis) new to science, are described, together with a brief discussion of neoteny in monsteroid aroids. A key is provided. All species are illustrated.
Boyce, P.C.
The genus Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae) in the southern and western Indonesian Archipelago. [Page 101 - 183]
The genus Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae) in the southern and western Indonesian Archipelago. [Page 101 - 183]
Abstract:
An alpha-taxonomic account of Rhaphidophora in Sumatera, Java, Nusa Tenggara. Sulawesi and Maluku is presented as a precursor to the forthcoming Flora Malesiana Araceae treatment. Twenty four species are recognized, of which five (R. araea P.C. Boyce, R. balgooyi P.C.Boyce, R. floresensis P.C.Boyce, R. sabit P.C. Boyce and R. ustulata P.C. Boyce) are newly described. One new synonomy {R. scaberula Alderw. into R. puberula Engl.) is made. In addition, R. moluccensis Engl. & K. Krause is treated as doubtful. Eight informal morpho-taxonomic units ('Group') are proposed and compared. A dichotomous key to species is provided and 21 species are illustrated.
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An alpha-taxonomic account of Rhaphidophora in Sumatera, Java, Nusa Tenggara. Sulawesi and Maluku is presented as a precursor to the forthcoming Flora Malesiana Araceae treatment. Twenty four species are recognized, of which five (R. araea P.C. Boyce, R. balgooyi P.C.Boyce, R. floresensis P.C.Boyce, R. sabit P.C. Boyce and R. ustulata P.C. Boyce) are newly described. One new synonomy {R. scaberula Alderw. into R. puberula Engl.) is made. In addition, R. moluccensis Engl. & K. Krause is treated as doubtful. Eight informal morpho-taxonomic units ('Group') are proposed and compared. A dichotomous key to species is provided and 21 species are illustrated.
Nguyen, T.H. and R. Kiew
New and interesting plants from. Ha Long Bay, Vietnam. [Page 185 - 202]
New and interesting plants from. Ha Long Bay, Vietnam. [Page 185 - 202]
Abstract:
Six new species are described from Ha Long Bay, Vietnam: Chirita halongensis Kiew & T.H. Nguyen, C. hiepii Kiew, C. modesta Kiew & T.H. Nguyen (Gesneriaceae), Impatiens halongensis Kiew & T.H. Nguyen (Balsaminaceae), Livistona halongensis T.H. Nguyen, Kiew (Palmae) and Paraboea halongensis Kiew & T. H. Nguyen ((Gesneriaceae). In addition, notes on habit and habitat for Chirita drakei B.L. Burtt, C. gemella D. Wood and C. hamosa R. Br. are provided.
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Six new species are described from Ha Long Bay, Vietnam: Chirita halongensis Kiew & T.H. Nguyen, C. hiepii Kiew, C. modesta Kiew & T.H. Nguyen (Gesneriaceae), Impatiens halongensis Kiew & T.H. Nguyen (Balsaminaceae), Livistona halongensis T.H. Nguyen, Kiew (Palmae) and Paraboea halongensis Kiew & T. H. Nguyen ((Gesneriaceae). In addition, notes on habit and habitat for Chirita drakei B.L. Burtt, C. gemella D. Wood and C. hamosa R. Br. are provided.
Argent, G.
Two interesting wild Musa species (Musaceae) from Sabah, Malaysia [Page 203 - 210]
Two interesting wild Musa species (Musaceae) from Sabah, Malaysia [Page 203 - 210]
Abstract:
Two new species of Musa are described and illustrated. M. suratii is described from Sabah with an additional locality in Sarawak. M. monticola Hotta ex Argent is known only from the two montane localities in Sabah, Mt. Kinal and the Sinsuron Road in the Crocker Range.
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Two new species of Musa are described and illustrated. M. suratii is described from Sabah with an additional locality in Sarawak. M. monticola Hotta ex Argent is known only from the two montane localities in Sabah, Mt. Kinal and the Sinsuron Road in the Crocker Range.
Nguyen, Q.B. and M. Newman
A new species of Alpinia (Zingiberaceae) from Vietnam [Page 211 - 212]
A new species of Alpinia (Zingiberaceae) from Vietnam [Page 211 - 212]
Abstract:
Alpinia calcicola Q.B. Nguyen & M.F. Newman, a new species of subsect. Alpinia from Ha Long Bay,Vietnam. is described.
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Alpinia calcicola Q.B. Nguyen & M.F. Newman, a new species of subsect. Alpinia from Ha Long Bay,Vietnam. is described.

Year of Publication: 1999, Vol. 51 (02)
Date Published
31 December 1999
Holttum, R.E.
Tropical botanic gardens, past, present and future [Page 127 - 139]
Tropical botanic gardens, past, present and future [Page 127 - 139]
Abstract:
A botanic garden is essentially a museum of living plants. The word 'museum' is derived from the name of the Greek goddesses of learning and the arts; thus a museum is a place devoted to the pursuit of such studies. A botanic garden is primarily a place where plants are grown for scientific study. But a garden differs from a museum in the fact that objects in it are living and growing, thus need the attention of horticulturists. Horticulture is in part applied botanical science: but it is also in part an art, and the aesthetic aspects of horticulture therefore find expresion in any garden. But I would say that a garden cannot be accorded the title 'botanic' unless it is a place where plant sciences of one kind or another are studied, and where the results of such study are expressed both in publications and in an arrangement and labelling, which conveys information to visitors as well as aesthetic enjoyment. A park is a place designed for recreation, not for study or education, and the plants in it are selected and arranged solely for their aesthetic effect: here the horticulturist alone has charge. Some of the older and smaller botanic gardens are now in effect parks, and the distinction between botanic garden and park is not generally understood by the public. sometimes also not by politicians. To understand the present situation, one must look a little into the past.
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A botanic garden is essentially a museum of living plants. The word 'museum' is derived from the name of the Greek goddesses of learning and the arts; thus a museum is a place devoted to the pursuit of such studies. A botanic garden is primarily a place where plants are grown for scientific study. But a garden differs from a museum in the fact that objects in it are living and growing, thus need the attention of horticulturists. Horticulture is in part applied botanical science: but it is also in part an art, and the aesthetic aspects of horticulture therefore find expresion in any garden. But I would say that a garden cannot be accorded the title 'botanic' unless it is a place where plant sciences of one kind or another are studied, and where the results of such study are expressed both in publications and in an arrangement and labelling, which conveys information to visitors as well as aesthetic enjoyment. A park is a place designed for recreation, not for study or education, and the plants in it are selected and arranged solely for their aesthetic effect: here the horticulturist alone has charge. Some of the older and smaller botanic gardens are now in effect parks, and the distinction between botanic garden and park is not generally understood by the public. sometimes also not by politicians. To understand the present situation, one must look a little into the past.
Johnson, D.V. and E. P. Tay
C.X. Furtado (1897—1980): contributions to the study of palms [Page 141 - 150]
C.X. Furtado (1897—1980): contributions to the study of palms [Page 141 - 150]
Abstract:
An account of Caetano Xavier dos Remedios Furtado's academia career, his taxonomic work on Malayan palms and the African genus Hyphaene is given, together with a complete list of his publications on palms and a resume of his travels in connection with his research on palms.
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An account of Caetano Xavier dos Remedios Furtado's academia career, his taxonomic work on Malayan palms and the African genus Hyphaene is given, together with a complete list of his publications on palms and a resume of his travels in connection with his research on palms.
Kiew, R.
The Singapore Botanic Gardens Herbarium - 125 years of history [Page 151 - 161]
The Singapore Botanic Gardens Herbarium - 125 years of history [Page 151 - 161]
Abstract:
The Herbarium dates back to the establishment of the Botanic Gardens on its present site. By 1875, H.J. Murton already had a collection of dried specimens, which was temporarily housed in his office until proposed herbarium building was erected, and from the start he established a library having ordered from England a 'good collection of standard botanical works' (Annual report for 1875). He reported that by 1879 the herbarium comprised 3,000 named specimens (Annual Report for 1879). Most of his collections were made from Singapore, Perak, Selangor and Malacca but he acquired valuable old herbarium specimens, mostly of Indian and Nepalese plants, that had been in J. Collins possession in Singapore but which had originally been part of Ward's herbarium held by the Linnaean Society of London. These included Wallich's specimens collected from Penang, Malacca and Singapore, as well as the oldest specimens in the Singapore herbarium, those collected by Moravian Missionaries in 1790 (Annual Report for 1889).
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The Herbarium dates back to the establishment of the Botanic Gardens on its present site. By 1875, H.J. Murton already had a collection of dried specimens, which was temporarily housed in his office until proposed herbarium building was erected, and from the start he established a library having ordered from England a 'good collection of standard botanical works' (Annual report for 1875). He reported that by 1879 the herbarium comprised 3,000 named specimens (Annual Report for 1879). Most of his collections were made from Singapore, Perak, Selangor and Malacca but he acquired valuable old herbarium specimens, mostly of Indian and Nepalese plants, that had been in J. Collins possession in Singapore but which had originally been part of Ward's herbarium held by the Linnaean Society of London. These included Wallich's specimens collected from Penang, Malacca and Singapore, as well as the oldest specimens in the Singapore herbarium, those collected by Moravian Missionaries in 1790 (Annual Report for 1889).
Kim-Lang Huynh
On some species of Pandanus and Freycinetia (Pandanaceae) in Micronesia [Page 163 - 174]
On some species of Pandanus and Freycinetia (Pandanaceae) in Micronesia [Page 163 - 174]
Abstract:
Two new species of Pandanus from the Caroline Islands are described : P. amissus (Kosrae Island) and P. lorencei (Palau Island). New data on P. kanehirae and Freycenetia villalobosii, both from Palau, are also reported. The staminate flower of P. whitmeeanus is described for the first time. The taxonomic relationships of P. whitmeeanus within the genus Pandanus are reassessed.
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Two new species of Pandanus from the Caroline Islands are described : P. amissus (Kosrae Island) and P. lorencei (Palau Island). New data on P. kanehirae and Freycenetia villalobosii, both from Palau, are also reported. The staminate flower of P. whitmeeanus is described for the first time. The taxonomic relationships of P. whitmeeanus within the genus Pandanus are reassessed.
Turner, I.M. and P.F. Stevens
The transfer of Tripetalum cymosum K. Schum. (Guttiferae) to Garcinia … [Page 175 - 177]
The transfer of Tripetalum cymosum K. Schum. (Guttiferae) to Garcinia … [Page 175 - 177]
Abstract:
The new combination Garcinia cymosa (K. Schum.) I.M. Turner & P. F. Stevens is made, based on Tripetalum cymosum K.Schum., for a tree from New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago. The oldest name available for the species is Leuconotis tenuifolia Engl., but this epithet has already been used for another species of Garcinia. A columnar form of the tree that is finding success in tropical horticulture, described as forma pendulum Larterb., is also provided with a combination in Garcinia and is lectotypified.
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The new combination Garcinia cymosa (K. Schum.) I.M. Turner & P. F. Stevens is made, based on Tripetalum cymosum K.Schum., for a tree from New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago. The oldest name available for the species is Leuconotis tenuifolia Engl., but this epithet has already been used for another species of Garcinia. A columnar form of the tree that is finding success in tropical horticulture, described as forma pendulum Larterb., is also provided with a combination in Garcinia and is lectotypified.
Kiew, R.
Thismia goodii (Burmanniaceae), the blue-capped thismia, a new species from Borneo [Page 179 - 182]
Thismia goodii (Burmanniaceae), the blue-capped thismia, a new species from Borneo [Page 179 - 182]
Abstract:
A new species in Sect. Sarcosiphon of Thismia, T. goodii Kiew, with remarkable blue perianth lobes, is described from Sabah, Borneo.
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A new species in Sect. Sarcosiphon of Thismia, T. goodii Kiew, with remarkable blue perianth lobes, is described from Sabah, Borneo.
S.M. Tarn
Floristic diversity of Bukit Bauk (Terengganu), Peninsular Malaysia [Page 257 - 308]
Floristic diversity of Bukit Bauk (Terengganu), Peninsular Malaysia [Page 257 - 308]
Abstract:
Bukit Bauk is a small, isolated, coastal hill range that is part of the Terengganu Hills situated at the southern end of the East Range in Peninsular Malaysia. Four vegetation types were distinguished on Bukit Bauk, namely, lowland dipterocarp forest, peat swamp forest, hill dipterocarp forest and vegetation of disturbed areas. Its floristic diversity was investigated leading to a checklist of plants. Its flora comprises at least 638 species (7.7% of the total flora of the Peninsular Malaysia) belonging to 285 genera and 103 families. The most speciose families are the Euphorbiaceae ( 59 species), Dipterocarpaceae ( 43 species ), Rubiaceae ( 36 species ), Palmae and Guttiferae ( each with 31 species ). Of these, 91 taxa are endemic ( 87 species, 1 subspecies and 1 variety ), about 3.6% of the total number endemic taxa in the Peninsular. This study confirms that Bukit Bauk Forest Reserve with a relatively small area of 7,596 ha is a species-rich area with a high degree of endemism and is an important component of the flora in Peninsular Malaysia that should be conserved by being totally protected.
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Bukit Bauk is a small, isolated, coastal hill range that is part of the Terengganu Hills situated at the southern end of the East Range in Peninsular Malaysia. Four vegetation types were distinguished on Bukit Bauk, namely, lowland dipterocarp forest, peat swamp forest, hill dipterocarp forest and vegetation of disturbed areas. Its floristic diversity was investigated leading to a checklist of plants. Its flora comprises at least 638 species (7.7% of the total flora of the Peninsular Malaysia) belonging to 285 genera and 103 families. The most speciose families are the Euphorbiaceae ( 59 species), Dipterocarpaceae ( 43 species ), Rubiaceae ( 36 species ), Palmae and Guttiferae ( each with 31 species ). Of these, 91 taxa are endemic ( 87 species, 1 subspecies and 1 variety ), about 3.6% of the total number endemic taxa in the Peninsular. This study confirms that Bukit Bauk Forest Reserve with a relatively small area of 7,596 ha is a species-rich area with a high degree of endemism and is an important component of the flora in Peninsular Malaysia that should be conserved by being totally protected.
Mabberley, D.J.
The importance to Indopacific botany of Baron Dumont de Courset's Botaniste Cultivateur [Page 309 - 317]
The importance to Indopacific botany of Baron Dumont de Courset's Botaniste Cultivateur [Page 309 - 317]
Abstract:
An examination of the second edition of Dumont de Courset's Botaniste Cultivateur completes the listings of new taxa in the Australian Plant Name Index and not yet in Index Kewensis, where most are already found. Besides correction of the authority of the Chinese Caragana pygmaea (Leguminosae) to (L.) Dum. Cours. and the North African Genista ferox to (Poir.) Dum. Cours, and restoration of the Malesian Pipturus asper Wedd. (Urticaceae, lately referred to P. arborescens C.B. Robinson), and the superseeding of the Himalayan Rubus fragarioides Bertol. (Rosaceae, non (Michaux) Dum. Cours.) by R. franchetianus Levl., Dillenia crenata (A.C. Sm.) Hoogl. (Dilleniaceae, non (Andr.) Dum. Cours.) of the Solomon Islands is here renamed Dillenia crenatifolia Hoogl. ex Mabb., nom. nov..
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An examination of the second edition of Dumont de Courset's Botaniste Cultivateur completes the listings of new taxa in the Australian Plant Name Index and not yet in Index Kewensis, where most are already found. Besides correction of the authority of the Chinese Caragana pygmaea (Leguminosae) to (L.) Dum. Cours. and the North African Genista ferox to (Poir.) Dum. Cours, and restoration of the Malesian Pipturus asper Wedd. (Urticaceae, lately referred to P. arborescens C.B. Robinson), and the superseeding of the Himalayan Rubus fragarioides Bertol. (Rosaceae, non (Michaux) Dum. Cours.) by R. franchetianus Levl., Dillenia crenata (A.C. Sm.) Hoogl. (Dilleniaceae, non (Andr.) Dum. Cours.) of the Solomon Islands is here renamed Dillenia crenatifolia Hoogl. ex Mabb., nom. nov..

Year of Publication: 1999, Vol. 51 (01)
Date Published
31 July 1999
Hay, A.
The genus Alocasia (Araceae-Colocasieae) in the Philippines [Page 1 - 41]
The genus Alocasia (Araceae-Colocasieae) in the Philippines [Page 1 - 41]
Abstract:
The genus Alocasia (Schott) G.Don (Araceae) is revised for the Philippine Islands. Fourteen species are recognised, of which four are new to science. A key to the species is provided. All except Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G.Don are endemic. Alocasia wenzelii Merr. is placed in the synonymy of A. zebrina Schott ex van Houtte. Alocasia manilensis Engl. and A. warburgii Engl. are synonyms of A. heterophylla (Presl) Merr. Alocasia reversa N.E. Brown is Bornean, not Philippines as originally attributed. The new species (A. boyceana A. Hay, A. clypeolata A. Hay, A. scalprum A. Hay and A. ramosii A. Hay), the frequently misinterpreted Alocasia heterophylla and the very rare A. atropurpurea Engl. are illustrated. Brief notes are made on horticultural value, conservation status, local endemicity and relationships of Philippines Alocasia. Where possible, cultivars recognised by the international horticultural community are ascribed to species.
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The genus Alocasia (Schott) G.Don (Araceae) is revised for the Philippine Islands. Fourteen species are recognised, of which four are new to science. A key to the species is provided. All except Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G.Don are endemic. Alocasia wenzelii Merr. is placed in the synonymy of A. zebrina Schott ex van Houtte. Alocasia manilensis Engl. and A. warburgii Engl. are synonyms of A. heterophylla (Presl) Merr. Alocasia reversa N.E. Brown is Bornean, not Philippines as originally attributed. The new species (A. boyceana A. Hay, A. clypeolata A. Hay, A. scalprum A. Hay and A. ramosii A. Hay), the frequently misinterpreted Alocasia heterophylla and the very rare A. atropurpurea Engl. are illustrated. Brief notes are made on horticultural value, conservation status, local endemicity and relationships of Philippines Alocasia. Where possible, cultivars recognised by the international horticultural community are ascribed to species.
Nagamitsu, T., R.D. Harrison and T. Inoue
Beetle pollination of Vatica parvifolia (Dipterocarpaceae) in Sarawak, Malaysia [Page 43 - 54]
Beetle pollination of Vatica parvifolia (Dipterocarpaceae) in Sarawak, Malaysia [Page 43 - 54]
Abstract:
Pollination of a canopy tree of two species, Vatica aff. parvifolia and V. micrantha (Dipterocarpaceae) was investigated in Sarawak, Malaysia. Flowers of the two species open in the evening, and last for + 2 days. Rewards are petal tissue and pollen. In V. aff. parvifolia, pollen was removed from anthers on the first day, and deposited on stigmas on the second day, which suggests that the flowers are protandrous. Most (76%) flower visitors were beetles (Chrysomelidae), 25% of which carried pollen. The beetles mated inside flowers and often touched anthers and stigmas. These suggest that the beetles are pollinaters. Pollination of V. micrantha rarely occured, because of few pollen grains were removed from anthers and deposited in stigmas. Dominant (71%) flower visitors were weevils (Apionidae and Curculionidae), 9% of which carried pollen. The weevils laid eggs from outside flowers. Bagging treatment increased fruit set in V. micrantha. This suggests the negative effects, such as seed predation, of the weevils on fruit set.
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Pollination of a canopy tree of two species, Vatica aff. parvifolia and V. micrantha (Dipterocarpaceae) was investigated in Sarawak, Malaysia. Flowers of the two species open in the evening, and last for + 2 days. Rewards are petal tissue and pollen. In V. aff. parvifolia, pollen was removed from anthers on the first day, and deposited on stigmas on the second day, which suggests that the flowers are protandrous. Most (76%) flower visitors were beetles (Chrysomelidae), 25% of which carried pollen. The beetles mated inside flowers and often touched anthers and stigmas. These suggest that the beetles are pollinaters. Pollination of V. micrantha rarely occured, because of few pollen grains were removed from anthers and deposited in stigmas. Dominant (71%) flower visitors were weevils (Apionidae and Curculionidae), 9% of which carried pollen. The weevils laid eggs from outside flowers. Bagging treatment increased fruit set in V. micrantha. This suggests the negative effects, such as seed predation, of the weevils on fruit set.
Salma, I.
The taxonomic significance of trichome morphology in the genus Durio (Bombacaceae) [Page 55 - 69]
The taxonomic significance of trichome morphology in the genus Durio (Bombacaceae) [Page 55 - 69]
Abstract:
Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the trichome morphology on the leaves of 24 species of Durio. Glandular trichomes and non-glandular trichomes are present on the abaxial leaf surface. Stellate hairs can be found on the abaxial leaf surface of D. affinis, D. graveolens, D. oblongus, D. oxyleyanus, D. singaporensis and D. zebithinus. Trichome morphology can be used to distinguish the Durio species studied. D. carinatus can be distinguished by the presence of only peltate scales on the abaxial leaf surface. The other species can be divided into three major groups based on the density and distribution of the peltate scales and stellate hairs.
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Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the trichome morphology on the leaves of 24 species of Durio. Glandular trichomes and non-glandular trichomes are present on the abaxial leaf surface. Stellate hairs can be found on the abaxial leaf surface of D. affinis, D. graveolens, D. oblongus, D. oxyleyanus, D. singaporensis and D. zebithinus. Trichome morphology can be used to distinguish the Durio species studied. D. carinatus can be distinguished by the presence of only peltate scales on the abaxial leaf surface. The other species can be divided into three major groups based on the density and distribution of the peltate scales and stellate hairs.
Reynolds, D.R.
Foliicolous Ascomycetes 8: Vietnam [Page 71 - 84]
Foliicolous Ascomycetes 8: Vietnam [Page 71 - 84]
Abstract:
Records for Vietnam foliicolous ascomycetes (including the mitosporic species) are reviewed. The current locations of previously cited specimens are noted. Recent collections from Ba Vi and Cuc Phoung National Parks are annotated in the genera. Appendiculella, Asteridiella, Asterina, Atractilina, Hyalosphaeria, Leprieurina, Malacaria, Meliolaster. Polychaeton, Sarcinella, Sirosporium and Trichothyrium. Seven of the twelve species are new records.
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Records for Vietnam foliicolous ascomycetes (including the mitosporic species) are reviewed. The current locations of previously cited specimens are noted. Recent collections from Ba Vi and Cuc Phoung National Parks are annotated in the genera. Appendiculella, Asteridiella, Asterina, Atractilina, Hyalosphaeria, Leprieurina, Malacaria, Meliolaster. Polychaeton, Sarcinella, Sirosporium and Trichothyrium. Seven of the twelve species are new records.
Kiew, R.
Reappraisal of Olea species in Malesia [Page 85 - 98]
Reappraisal of Olea species in Malesia [Page 85 - 98]
Abstract:
One new species, Olea moluccensis Kiew from the islands of Buru and Taliabu, is described and new combinations are made for three Philippine species, O. gitingensis (Elmer) Kiew, O. obovata (Merr.) Kiew and O. rubrovenia (Elmer) Kiew, all originally described as Linocieras. Olea decussata (Heine) Kiew is synonymus with O. ribrovenia, Linociera lauterbachii Lingelsh. with Olea paniculata R. Br.; L. longifolia Merr. with O. gitingensis, and L. pallida (Merr.) Merr. and L. philippinensis Merr. with O. borneensis Boerl.
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One new species, Olea moluccensis Kiew from the islands of Buru and Taliabu, is described and new combinations are made for three Philippine species, O. gitingensis (Elmer) Kiew, O. obovata (Merr.) Kiew and O. rubrovenia (Elmer) Kiew, all originally described as Linocieras. Olea decussata (Heine) Kiew is synonymus with O. ribrovenia, Linociera lauterbachii Lingelsh. with Olea paniculata R. Br.; L. longifolia Merr. with O. gitingensis, and L. pallida (Merr.) Merr. and L. philippinensis Merr. with O. borneensis Boerl.
Turner, I.M.
Euphorbia heterophylla and E. cyathophora (Euphorbiaceae) in the Malay Peninsula [Page 99 - 102]
Euphorbia heterophylla and E. cyathophora (Euphorbiaceae) in the Malay Peninsula [Page 99 - 102]
Abstract:
The identities of two closely related species of Euphorbia naturalised in Southeast Asia from the New World tropics are considered. The name Euphorbia heterophylla L. has been consistently misapplied in the Malay Peninsula to plants of Euphorbia cyathophora Murray. True Euphorbia heterophylla is found as a garden escape and weed of waste ground, but is not as common in the Malay Peninsula as E. cyathophora. The differences between the two species are summarised.
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The identities of two closely related species of Euphorbia naturalised in Southeast Asia from the New World tropics are considered. The name Euphorbia heterophylla L. has been consistently misapplied in the Malay Peninsula to plants of Euphorbia cyathophora Murray. True Euphorbia heterophylla is found as a garden escape and weed of waste ground, but is not as common in the Malay Peninsula as E. cyathophora. The differences between the two species are summarised.
Teo. L.L. and R. Kiew
First record of a natural begonia hybrid in Malaysia [Page 103 - 118]
First record of a natural begonia hybrid in Malaysia [Page 103 - 118]
Abstract:
Study of three begonia populations in montane forest at Cameron Highlands, Pahang, confirmed that hybridization had occurred between Begonia decora and B. venusta. The hybrids are fertile and calculation of the hybrid index indicates that introgression had taken place. Two populations are stable and are represented by hybrid swarms. Plants of the two parents were not located in the vicinity of these two populations The third, comprising both parents and hybrids, is unstable and its composition has changed over the years. A further two populations have been destroyed by habitat disturbance, which is prevalent at Cameron Highlands.
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Study of three begonia populations in montane forest at Cameron Highlands, Pahang, confirmed that hybridization had occurred between Begonia decora and B. venusta. The hybrids are fertile and calculation of the hybrid index indicates that introgression had taken place. Two populations are stable and are represented by hybrid swarms. Plants of the two parents were not located in the vicinity of these two populations The third, comprising both parents and hybrids, is unstable and its composition has changed over the years. A further two populations have been destroyed by habitat disturbance, which is prevalent at Cameron Highlands.
Veldkamp. J.F.
Eupatorium catarium, a New Name for Eupatorium clematideum Griseb., non Sch.Bip. (Compositae), a South Amercian Species Naturalized and Spreading in SE Asia and Queensland, Australia [Page 119 - 124]
Eupatorium catarium, a New Name for Eupatorium clematideum Griseb., non Sch.Bip. (Compositae), a South Amercian Species Naturalized and Spreading in SE Asia and Queensland, Australia [Page 119 - 124]
Abstract:
Eupatorium catarium Veldk. (Compositae) is a new name for Eupatorium clematideum Griseb., non Sch.Bip.,also known as Praxelis clematidea R.M.King & H. Rob.. The species has been introduced in S. China and Queensland, Australia, where it appears to be spreading rapidly.
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Eupatorium catarium Veldk. (Compositae) is a new name for Eupatorium clematideum Griseb., non Sch.Bip.,also known as Praxelis clematidea R.M.King & H. Rob.. The species has been introduced in S. China and Queensland, Australia, where it appears to be spreading rapidly.

Year of Publication: 1999, Vol. 49 (02)
Date Published
30 March 1999
Corlett, R.T.
The vegetation in the Nature Reserves of Singapore [Page 147 - 159]
The vegetation in the Nature Reserves of Singapore [Page 147 - 159]
Abstract:
No abstract
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Chew, P.T., Saifuddin Suran and Ali Ibrahim
Checklist of vascular plants in the Nature Reserves of Singapore [Page 161 - 223]
Checklist of vascular plants in the Nature Reserves of Singapore [Page 161 - 223]
Abstract:
This vascular plant checklist of the Nature Reserves of Singapore is a compilation of historical records (herbarium specimens, published and unpublished checklists) as well as recent field observations and studies. A total of 1634 species of vascular plants have been recorded in the Nature Reserves since the last century, of which 443 (or 29% of the indigenous) have not been seen during the last 10 years.
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This vascular plant checklist of the Nature Reserves of Singapore is a compilation of historical records (herbarium specimens, published and unpublished checklists) as well as recent field observations and studies. A total of 1634 species of vascular plants have been recorded in the Nature Reserves since the last century, of which 443 (or 29% of the indigenous) have not been seen during the last 10 years.
Lim, K.S.
Bird biodiversity in the Nature Reserves of Singapore [Page 225 - 244]
Bird biodiversity in the Nature Reserves of Singapore [Page 225 - 244]
Abstract:
No abstract
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Ng, P.K.L., and K.K.P. Lim
The diversity and conservation status of fishes in the Nature Reserves of Singapore [Page 245 - 265]
The diversity and conservation status of fishes in the Nature Reserves of Singapore [Page 245 - 265]
Abstract:
No abstract
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Ng, P.K.L.
The conservation status of freshwater prawns and crabs in Singapore with emphasis on the Nature Reserves [Page 267 - 272]
The conservation status of freshwater prawns and crabs in Singapore with emphasis on the Nature Reserves [Page 267 - 272]
Abstract:
No abstract
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Khew, S.K. and S.S.H. Neo
Butterfly biodiversity in Singapore with particular reference to the Central Catchment Nature Reserve [Page 273 - 296]
Butterfly biodiversity in Singapore with particular reference to the Central Catchment Nature Reserve [Page 273 - 296]
Abstract:
A total of 381 butterfly species have now been recorded in Singapore of which 18 are new records since 1990. Of this total, 236 species (62%) were recorded during the present survey. All except 8 (3%) of these occur within the Nature reserves and 148 (63%) were recorded within the Nature reserves. A total of 74 species (31%) within the Reserves were considered very rare.
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A total of 381 butterfly species have now been recorded in Singapore of which 18 are new records since 1990. Of this total, 236 species (62%) were recorded during the present survey. All except 8 (3%) of these occur within the Nature reserves and 148 (63%) were recorded within the Nature reserves. A total of 74 species (31%) within the Reserves were considered very rare.
Seow-Choen, F.
Stick and leaf insect (Phasmida: Insecta) biodiversity in the Nature Reserves of Singapore [Page 297 - 312]
Stick and leaf insect (Phasmida: Insecta) biodiversity in the Nature Reserves of Singapore [Page 297 - 312]
Abstract:
Forty-one species of phasmids found in Singapore extant as well as extinct are listed and aspects of their conservation discussed. Eleven species are still relatively common and are widely distributed especially within the Central Catchment Nature Reserves. Eleven species exist in only very isolated pockets within the Central Catchment Nature Reserves. One speceis has been found only in Punggol area. A further ten species are very rare and in almost a decade of studying these insects only one or two specimens have been found in Singapore. An additional eight species have not been seen or recorded for at least 30 years and are best described as extinct in Singapore.
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Forty-one species of phasmids found in Singapore extant as well as extinct are listed and aspects of their conservation discussed. Eleven species are still relatively common and are widely distributed especially within the Central Catchment Nature Reserves. Eleven species exist in only very isolated pockets within the Central Catchment Nature Reserves. One speceis has been found only in Punggol area. A further ten species are very rare and in almost a decade of studying these insects only one or two specimens have been found in Singapore. An additional eight species have not been seen or recorded for at least 30 years and are best described as extinct in Singapore.
Yang, C.M., H.K. Lua and K.L. Yeo
Semi-aquatic bug (Heteroptera: Gerromorpha) fauna in the Nature Reserves of Singapore [Page 313 - 319]
Semi-aquatic bug (Heteroptera: Gerromorpha) fauna in the Nature Reserves of Singapore [Page 313 - 319]
Abstract:
A total of 37 species of semiaquatic bugs were recorded from the forest during the survey of the Nature Reserves. 78% were found in the Nee Soon Swamp Forest that also has the highest percentage of the area or threatened species on the island. Bukit Timah Nature Reserves has the lowest diversity. Three forest-dependent species, Cylindrostethus malayensis, Ventidius hungerfordii and Esakia fernandoi previously recorded from Singapore were not found and hence are, presumed extinct. Eight species are new records for Singapore.
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A total of 37 species of semiaquatic bugs were recorded from the forest during the survey of the Nature Reserves. 78% were found in the Nee Soon Swamp Forest that also has the highest percentage of the area or threatened species on the island. Bukit Timah Nature Reserves has the lowest diversity. Three forest-dependent species, Cylindrostethus malayensis, Ventidius hungerfordii and Esakia fernandoi previously recorded from Singapore were not found and hence are, presumed extinct. Eight species are new records for Singapore.
Balke, M.L.Hendrich and C.M. Yang
Water beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera) in the Nature Reserves of Singapore [Page 321 - 331]
Water beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera) in the Nature Reserves of Singapore [Page 321 - 331]
Abstract:
Of the 36 species of aquatic beetles recognised here, 17 are rated threatened. Two rare species of Microdytes (Dytiscidae) were only found in a small springlet in the Bukit Timah Nature Reserve. Nee Soon Swamp Forest has the highest diversity as well as the highest number of locally threatened water beetle species in the Nature Reserves.
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Of the 36 species of aquatic beetles recognised here, 17 are rated threatened. Two rare species of Microdytes (Dytiscidae) were only found in a small springlet in the Bukit Timah Nature Reserve. Nee Soon Swamp Forest has the highest diversity as well as the highest number of locally threatened water beetle species in the Nature Reserves.
Murphy, D.H.
Odonata biodiversity in the Nature Reserves of Singapore [Page 333 - 352]
Odonata biodiversity in the Nature Reserves of Singapore [Page 333 - 352]
Abstract:
An account is given of Odonata collected during the survey of the Nature Reserves. Most of the species described from Singapore material in A.R. Wallace's collection in 1856 still occur. A total of 79 species have been recorded within the Nature Reserves, including an endemic damselfly, Drepanosticta quadrata. Eight species are known only from Nee Soon Swamp Forest.
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An account is given of Odonata collected during the survey of the Nature Reserves. Most of the species described from Singapore material in A.R. Wallace's collection in 1856 still occur. A total of 79 species have been recorded within the Nature Reserves, including an endemic damselfly, Drepanosticta quadrata. Eight species are known only from Nee Soon Swamp Forest.
Teo, R.C.H. and S. Rajathurai
Mammals, reptiles and amphibians in the Nature Reserves of Singapore - Diversity, abundance and distribution [Page 353 - 425]
Mammals, reptiles and amphibians in the Nature Reserves of Singapore - Diversity, abundance and distribution [Page 353 - 425]
Abstract:
The diversity of mammals, reptiles and amphibians is still high in the Nature Reserves with a total of 141 indigenous species recorded in the past decade, comprising 44 mammals, 72 reptiles and 25 amphibians. During the four-year survey, there were 10 additions to Singapore's checklist of mammals, reptiles and amphibians, and 13 other species were rediscovered compared with four and ten, respectively, recorded during the six-year period prior to the survey. This is a clear indication that our Nature Reservcs may still hold many species that are either not recorded for Singapore or are thought to be extinct. The Nature Reserves are probably the last refuge for 74 forest-dependent species and 80 species whose populations are of such low numbers that they are threatened with extirpation. Bukit Timah, Nee Soon and MacRitchie are the richest in biodiversity and, hence, are key areas for conservation. They should be set aside as core zones with the incorporation of Mandai and Lower Peirce.
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The diversity of mammals, reptiles and amphibians is still high in the Nature Reserves with a total of 141 indigenous species recorded in the past decade, comprising 44 mammals, 72 reptiles and 25 amphibians. During the four-year survey, there were 10 additions to Singapore's checklist of mammals, reptiles and amphibians, and 13 other species were rediscovered compared with four and ten, respectively, recorded during the six-year period prior to the survey. This is a clear indication that our Nature Reservcs may still hold many species that are either not recorded for Singapore or are thought to be extinct. The Nature Reserves are probably the last refuge for 74 forest-dependent species and 80 species whose populations are of such low numbers that they are threatened with extirpation. Bukit Timah, Nee Soon and MacRitchie are the richest in biodiversity and, hence, are key areas for conservation. They should be set aside as core zones with the incorporation of Mandai and Lower Peirce.
Dr. Tan Wee Kiat
Preface [Page i - ii]
Preface [Page i - ii]
Abstract:
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