Abstract:
Pterocarpus indicus, a species of Leguminosae and highly adaptable in a variety of habitats, is extensively planted as a shade and ornamental tree in Singapore.  Propagation is commonly by woody cuttings and trees of considerable size can be transplanted successfully. Growth rates under mesic habitat conditions are fast. Transplanted stumps of 3.7 m height and 60 cm girth breast height can achieve a height increment of 1.66 m and a girth increment of 14 cm per annum. General requirements, pest and disease association, phenology, horticultural use of the species, and transplanting technique for large rooted stumps are described.

Abstract:
This paper reports the success in clonal propagation of Curculigo latifolia at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, Singapore Botanic Gardens. Experiments using leaf blades, petioles, apical shoots, and rhizomes were carried out and the best results were obtained from rhizome cultures. The medium used contained the Murashige and Skoog inorganic salts (half strength), sucrose (30 g per litre), thiamine (0.4 mg per litre), coconut milk (150 ml per litre), kinetin (5 mg per litre), and lAA (2.5 mg per litre). Mass propagation of this species is in progress.

Abstract:
No abstract

Abstract:
The nomenclatural status of the name for the genus Joinvillea and for its two species is reviewed. It is concluded that the correct (first validly publlished) generic name is Joinvillea Gaudich. ex Brongn. & Gris, 1861; Gaudichaud's original publication of 1841 contravenes Articles 42 and 44 of the International Code of  Botanical Nomenclature. The two species are correctly J. plicata (Hk. f.) Newell. & Stone, and J. ascendens Br. & Gr.

In Memoriam

Abstract:
Morphological characters of 15 species belonging to seven genera of drynarioid ferns are presented and their significance relative to their origin, interrelationships, and trend of specialization discussed. Based on morphoanatomical evidence accumulated, two morphological groups of drynarioid ferns are proposed: Drynaria and Aglaomorpha. The attributes considered are: palea, rhizome; vegetative frond including epidermal cells, stomata, hypodermis, mesophyll, venation; fertile frond including sorus, sporangium, and spores; and gametophyte. Existing knowledge of the formal taxonomy and phylogenetic trends among the drynarioid ferns are compared vvith this study and the different lines of descent are traced. It is suggested that the drynarioid ferns are probably diphyletic in origin and the trend of evolutionary progression has been towards reduction.

Abstract:
The germination of Cassia fistula L. pollen, ranging from fresh samples to those stored for various periods, is reported. At the time of writing, the oldest samples studied were stored for 4 weeks. It is intended to extend the observations for longer periods.

Abstract:
Pternandra (Melastomataceae) is revised; the genus Kibessia is reduced to synonymy, as it differs only in one structural detail (the calyptrate calyx). Fifteen species and two varieties are recognized in this revision, of which two species (P. angustifolia and P. crassicalyx) are new. Two taxa are retained at the rank of variety for the first time (P. azurea var. cordata (Korth.) Maxwell, and P. galeata var. elmeri (Merr.) Maxwell). Thirteen previously described taxa of Pternandra and Kibessia are here reduced to synonymy. Descriptions, morphological discussion, key to taxa, illustrations of some taxonomically important features, and photographs of some type specimens have been included.

Abstract:
The genus Tetradium, which has traditionally been placed in the synonymy of the rutaceous genus Euodia, consists of nine species and is distributed from the Himalayas east to Japan and south to Java and Sumbawa. The genus is described and its taxonomic history and relationships to other genera are discussed. The nine species are keyed, described, and their interrelationships discussed. New combinations are made for the names of seven species, and one species, Tetradium sumatranum, is described as new.

Abstract:
A new key to the species of Tectaria in Malaya is presented, with information supplementary to that in Holttum, Ferns of Malaya (1955; second edition, with Appendix II, 1968). Earlier names for six species described in 1955 are cited, with a fuller synonymy, and six additional species are described, namely T. herpetocaulos Hottum, T. melanocaula (Bl.) Copel., T. decurrens (PresI) (Opel., T. tricuspics (Bedd.) Cupel., T. simonsii (Bedd.) Ching, T. fauriei Tagawa, and T. cherasica Holttum sp. nov. Six of these additional species are still only known in Malaya from single collections.

Abstract:
A Tissue Culture Laboratory was established at the Singapore Botanic Gardens in the early 1970's. By 1975 several orchid hybrids had been successfuUy mericloned and in 1978 the Laboratory started a tissue culture service to assist local orchid growers and breeders. To date, the Laboratory has successfully mericloned six species and more than one hundred orchid hybrids. Some effective media compositions have been established and used in research and routine commercial production at the Laboratory. Tissue culture techniques using leaves and lateral buds of flower stalks have also been employed.  Various tissue culture techniques and media used for local orchids is presented.

Abstract:
Another biological identification key, the synoptical dial key, has been devised. A description of this key, its operation, and improvements over other keys are discussed.

Abstract:
Changes in the fern flora of Gunong Ulu Kali, Malaysia, resulting from the development there of a hill resort, are discussed. Fourteen fern species new to the mountain are recorded from near the summit, 5,814 ft (1772 m), and a further thirteen from tall montane forest at about 5,000 ft (1500 m).

Abstract:
Pandanus burmanicus sp. nov. is described from the Upper Chindwin District, Burma. It belongs in the Subgenus Rykia (DeVr.) Stone, the Section Rykia, Subsection Bidens (St. John) B. C. Stone. To date it is known only from the type locality.

Abstract:
Orthorrhynchium elegans is reported for the first time from the Philippine archipelago. Some noteworthy morphological features are also reported.

Abstract:
No abstract

Book Review

Abstract:
The genera and species of Thelypteridaceae in Malaya are here arranged as in a monograph of the family prepared for Flora Malesiana, Series II (Pteridophyla) Vol. 1, part 5, which is in process of publication simultaneously with the present paper.  New names and new combinations will date from Flora Malesiana and not from the present paper, the object of which is to indicate the necessary corrections in Holttum, A Revised Flora of Malaya Vol.2 ( dated 1954 but published early in 1955, second edition 1968) to which  reference is made under every species. Apart from changes in generic concepts, the principal new information concerns the species named Thelypteris vicosa, Cyclosorus stipellatus and Cyclosorus ferox in 1955. New descriptions are only provided where those in the book are defective.

Abstract:
This revision of Memecylon of the Malay Peninsula includes twenty-eight species, three varieties, and threee imperfectly known taxa.  No new taxa are proposed here.  However, twenty-two taxa have been reduced to new synonyms, along with one new combination. Separate keys to flowering and fruiting material, critical taxonomic notes, detailed analyses oi various organs of taxonomic importance, and an index to collections are included. Simple line drawings of the floral parts and other salient features of each taxon have been prepared to supplement the descriptions.

Abstract:
The genus Cercospora and allied genera are represented by a great number of species which cause leaf spot disease on a wide range of host plants. They are responsible for much damage to economic plants such as cereals, grasses, vegetables, forest trees and ornamentals and are important plant pathogens. The diseased spots on the leaves vary in shape and size and are generally coloured pale brown to brown. Under humid conditions, abundant conidia are formed on the necrotic spots. Conidiophores appear as tufts or fascicles, arising from the lesion surface or through the stomata in the diseased areas. The perfect stage has not been encountered so far in the collections examined and described here. Since the genus Cercospora was established by Fresenius in 1863, numerous species have been recorded and described by mycologists and phytopathologists. The monograph by Chupp (1954) is a valuable reference source, and Deighton's many studies (1967, 1971, 1973) have added considerably to the elucidation of this interesting group of fungi. More recently, Deighton (1976) has redescribed a number of Cercospora-like species and estimated that some 2000 species names have been published to date in the genus Cercospora, which is a heterogenous genus and one of the largest of the Hyphomycetes. The number of species described here totalled 98, of which 72 species have been described and published previously by the authors as new Cercospora species. This publication brings together their reports published in various journals, which are now translated from French into English here. The recent studies by Deighton (1976) make it necessary for certain revisions and changes to the generic names of some species previously published as Cercospora species. This communication updates the authors' previous reports and faclitates access to information on the prevalent leaf spot diseases affecting host plants in this region caused by this group of fungal pathogens.

Abstract:
No abstract

Abstract:
Boletus tristis Pat. et Baker is a synonym of B. longipes Mass. and is based on young specimens. The taxononiic position of B. longipes is problematic but it is retained in Boletus subgen. Tylopilus Karst. Austroboletus (Corner) Wolfe is not considered a satisfactory genus.

Abstract:
No abstract

Obituary

Abstract:
Laplacea Kunth and Gordonia Ellis, generally treated as two separate genera, are not distinct and therefore do not merit full generic status.

Abstract:
In a recent revision the tribe Dissochaeteae (Naud.) Triana has been found to include 54 species and 32 varieties which are in the following genera: Diplectria (Bl.) Reichb., Dissochaeta Bl., Macrolenes Naud., Creochiton Bl., and Pseudodissochaeta Nayar.* The first four genera are woody climbers, while the last genus has species which are mostly shrubs or trees up to 5 m tall. The entire tribe ranges from Assam, throughout SE Asia, Hainan, throughout the Malay Archipelago and the Philippines, to New Britain.

Book Review

Abstract:
No abstract

Abstract:
The Dipterocarpaceae are a medium-sized family of approximately 15 genera and 580 species (Airy-Shaw, 1973).  They are distributed over a large area of tropical Africa and the Indo-Malayan region from India, Ceylon, Indo-China, S. W. China to Malesia.  In Malesia, according to Symington (1943) there are 14 genera and 168 species in the Malay Peninsula, 13 genera and 276 species in Borneo, 11 genera and 52 species in the Philippines, and 3 genera and 5 species in New Guinea.  The distribution of this family is interesting because it links the flora of tropical Asia with that of tropical Africa where 2 genera Monotes and Marquesia are present.  Croizat (1952, p. 423) suggested that the dipterocarps are most certainly of Gondwanic origin, and they evolved and migrated from the continental mass that once occupied part of the Indian Ocean 100-500 million years ago. They later broke up into 2 major taxa, the Dipterocarpoidae, mostly confined to the continental Asia and Malesia, and the Monotoideae, restricted to Africa. They ocur in area which have had a relatively stable geology since the Cretaceous, probably the time of their origin (Meijer, 1974). This family is especially noted for its many valuable timbers such as Meranti (Shorea), Keruing (Dipterocarp) from Malaya, Serayas and Lauans (Shorea and Parashorea) from Borneo and Philippines. The existing schemes of classification of the Dipterocarpaceae are largely based on the gross morphology. It is hoped that the comparative studies of the stamens of various genera of Dipterocarps, together with the information gathered from wood, pollens, cytology, embryogeny, phytochemistry and others, might eventually contribute towards a natural classification of the family. This is an excerpt of the senior author's Honours' dissertation entitled "Comparative studies on the stamens and pollen grains of the Dipterocarpaceae", Department of Botany, University of Singapore, 1977-78. She wishes to thank Professor A.N. Rao of the Department for providing all the facilities, and to thank the Directors and curators of the Herbarium of the Botanic Gardens, Singapore, the Forest Research Institute, Kepong, Malaya and the Forest Department, Kuching, Sarawak, for having kindly supplied flowering materials for this study. Her thanks are also due to Mr. D. Teow for making photographs, and to Mr. J. Wee for advice on microtechniques.

Abstract:
A total of 126 species of mosses from 51 genera and 21 families, recorded from Singapore, are contained in this check list.  Fleischer (1900 - 1922), in his four volumes on the moss flora of Bogor, Indonesia, listed a number of species collected from Singapore.  Further records of local mosses are contained in Dixon's (1926) list of mosses from the Malay Peninsula, collected mainly by H. N. Ridley, I. H. Burkill, R. E. Holttum, and others from the Singapore Botanic Gardens. A list of the mosses collected from the Botanic Gardens itself was compiled by Holttum (1926).  Further work was not seen until Johnson (1964) published her account on the Malaysian Leucobryaceae and much later, the Fissidentaceae (Johnson, 1973). Dixon's (1926) list is by far the most comprehensive, but it is very much outdated. The present paper is an attempt at updating the list of mosses recorded from Singapore. Most of the species are from the above mentioned papers.  Those marked with an asterisk (*) are from the records of the Bryophyte Herbarium maintained by the Department of Botany, University of Singapore, as well as collections made by myself during the last two years. A total of 126 species from 51 genera and 21 families are included. The nomenclature and authorities cited are in accordance with Wijk et al. (1959 - 1969). The most appropriate name is given for each species, while any other name under which it has been reported is added in parenthesis.

Abstract:
No abstract