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There seems to be some doubt which of these two names should be regarded as a synonym, and as the current usage and the authority of some specialists seem to clash with certain  well-established nomencaltorial principles an inquiry into the question was undertaken and the results are reported here.

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The present paper contains an account of all ferns known to have been collected on Mount Kinabalu, with the exception of the latest Clemens collections. The occasion from its preparation is the recent collections made on the mountain by the present writer and by the Clemens expedition (still in the field); these include a large number of previously unrecorded species. At the time of my visit to Kinabalu, Dr. Carl Christensen has for some time past been intending to work out a critical review of all Bornean ferns, and had examined a large number of type specimens; he had also examined almost all previous Kinabalu collections. He was therefore the person best fitted to deal with the new material, and kindly consented to work over my collections, a complete set of which were sent to him.  Subsequently I undertook to sort over the Clemens fern collections, which I named in comparison with my own material; the determination of the Clemens collections of the higher numbers (from 26,000 upwards) is therefore due to me, with exception of some critical specimens referred to Dr. Christensen.  The publication of an account of the Clemens collection, which adds a number of species to the total, is made possible by the consent of the Keeper of Botany at the British Museum (Natural History), and Mr. Clemens, to whom I tender my best thanks. The greater part of the critical and descriptive section of this paper is due to Dr. Christensen. In some cases, with more ample material for examination, and my observations of plants in the field, I have added critical notes myself, and four new species are described by me. All such cases bear my name or initials. Any field notes contained in the general list are also written by me, but are not initialled. In this paper are also described a few ferns collected in other parts of British North Borneo (chiefly in the neighbourhood of Sandakan) by Mr. C. Boden Kloss in1927.  Specimens collected by me at Kudat, and also collections from Sarawak and elsewhere by Dr. E. Mjoberg and others, examined by Dr. Christensen, are in some cases also cited as examples of the species concerned and as records of distribution. The total number of species, from Kinabalu and its foothills, here enumerated is 417, the new collections accounting for about half of this figure. Of these, 30 are described as new species; in addition, Asplenium Klossii from Sandakan is described. The new species and new combinations are indicated in distinctive type in  the index at the end of this paper.

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In the following paper forty-five species of flowering plants are recorded as additions to the flora of the Malay Peninsula, and a few nomenclatorial changes are made. Of these forty-five species, twenty-nine are described as new to science. The recent more intensive exploration of the limestone areas are of the Peninsula has yielded a number of interesting plants, sixteen additions being recorded from these areas, including four genera hitherto unknown in the Peninsula. Cameron's Highlands, an extremely interesting area from a botanical point of view, has also added three genera to the flora as well as six new species. In all, no fewer than nine genera are here recorded which are additions to the flora. They are Acanthopanax ( Araliaceae), Ainsliaea (Compositae), Cipadessa (Meliaceae), Keenania (Rubiaceae), Myriophyllum (Halorrhagaceae), Pistacia (Anacardiaceae), Richeriella (Euphorbiaceae), Sumbaviopsis (Euphorbiaceae), Sycopsis (Hamamelidaceae). It is interesting to note that of these the following are unknown from the Malay Islands, but that each has a representative in Luzon in the Philippines : - Acanthopanax, Pistacia and Sycopsis. The genus Richeriella has hitherto been known only from one species in the Philippines. I am indebted to the Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and the staff of the Herbarium ; to Mr. H. N. Ridley and Dr. E. D. Merrill for much kindly help ; and to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Calcutta, the Botanic Gardens, Buitenzorg and the Bureau of Science, Manila for the loan of valuable material for comparison. The drawings in this paper have all been made from herbarium specimens.

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For some months during 1932, by the courtesy of the Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, I had the opportunity of studying the Dipterocarpaceae in the herbarium there. Examination of the type material reveals the necessity for re-adjustment of our conception of the botanical status of some of our trees and considerable reduction to synonymy with the consequent alteration of some of the accepted names. I am dealing in this number mainly with some of our species of Shorea but include also Balanocarpus multiflorus, which is more closely related to a group of Shorea including S. Faguetiana and S. hopeifolia than to some of the other species of its genus, and has therefore been studied here. With the synonymy I have given any references to literature or iconography affecting the argument of which may help to a clearer understanding of the species through description or figure. In many cases I have added short descriptive notes which seem to me desirable for a more complete understanding of the botanical characters of the species. The concluding paragraph of the notes under each species is for the benefit of Malayan Forest Officers who are concerned less with the details of synonymy than a botanical name for the trees they meet in the jungle. The majority of the drawings of leaves and inflorescence are by Mr. Wong Sze Moy of the Forest Research Institute, Kepong. The drawing of the flower parts I have done myself. I am particularly grateful to Mr. Henderson of the Herbarium, Singapore, for assistance in the publication of these notes and to Dr. van Slooten of Buitenzorg for most generously lending me valuable type sheets.

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On account of economic circumstances it will take a considerable time before my studies on the Malayan Ebenaceae can be printed in full. It is evident that the elaboration of such a complicated family as the Ebenaceae necessitated the removal of a large number of old specific names and a considerable addition of new ones. Therefore, to avoid further confusion in the nomencalture of the family, it is necessary to give at least a superficial survey, as soon as possible, of the results obtained. The following contribution serves to enumerate the number of species which, in my opinion, occur within both the Malay Archipelago and Peninsula. While studying the Ebenaceae of the Malay region, I became fully convinced that no valid grounds can be found for keeping the genus Maba separate from Diospyros. Hiern in his excellent monograph did not succeed in laying down hard and fast boundaries between the two genera on natural principles. But, when that work was published in 1873, much less material of intermediate and transition forms was known than at the present time. Therefore I decided to unite the genera Diospyros (sensu stricto) and Maba into one: Diospyros sensu latiore, the more so as it is impossible to indicate any practical advantage in the separation. In order not ot lose sight of the old genus Maba, I thought it advisable to give it the rank of a sub-division together with three other subgenera, into which I now divide the enlarged genus Diospyros L., as far as the Malayan regions are concerned.